Objective To analyze the effect of vitamin C combined with different iron supplements in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. Methods: 98 patients with iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were divided into the control group and the study group according to the random number table method, with 49 cases in each group. The control group was treated with vitamin C combined with ferrous succinate tablets; The research group was treated with vitamin C combined with polysaccharide and iron complex capsules. The therapeutic effects, blood routine [hematocrit (HCT), reticulocyte count (Ret), red blood cells (RBC)], iron metabolism [serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI), transferrin receptor (sTfR)], incidence of adverse reactions and incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Result: The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After the treatment, the levels of HCT, RBC and Ret in both groups were significantly increased compared with those before the treatment. Moreover, the levels of HCT, RBC and Ret in the study group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the levels of SF and SI in both groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment, and the level of sTfR was significantly decreased compared with that before treatment. Moreover, the variation amplitudes of SF, SI and sTfR levels in the study group after treatment were significantly greater than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). The adverse pregnancy outcome of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of vitamin C and polysaccharide iron complex capsules for patients with iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy can enhance the therapeutic effect, regulate blood routine, improve iron metabolism levels, improve pregnancy outcomes, and has relatively high safety.