Objective: To investigate the independent risk factors of infectious complications after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) and flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL), and build a clinical predictive model. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who received PCN from January 25th to December 25th 25th Data of 196 patients with urinary calculi treated with L or URSL were divided into infection according to whether postoperative infectious complications occurred The patients were divided into the infection group and the non-infection group based on whether they developed infectious complications after the surgery. The differences in baseline characteristics, preoperative laboratory indicators and surgery-related factors between the two groups of patients were compared. Influence factors were screened out through multi-factor Logistic regression, build risk prediction nomogram, evaluate the prediction performance. Results: The total incidence of postoperative infectious complications was 27.04%(53/196), including 31 cases of urinary tract infection (58.49%), 14 cases of pyelonephritis (26.42%), and 8 cases of urogenic sepsis (15.09%). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that stone diameter, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and blood urea nitrogen were the influencing factors of postoperative infectious complication (P<0.05). The predictive model constructed based on the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis was 0.944 (95% CI: 0.913-0.974), the sensitivity was 92.51%, and the specificity was 81.76%. Conclusion: Stone diameter, CRP, PCT and BUN levels are influential factors in infectious complications after PCNL and URSL. The joint prediction model has high predictive value and can be used as an effective tool to identify high-risk patients in early clinical stage and optimize perioperative management.