Objective: To analyze the clinical effect of roxadustat combined with human erythropoietin in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal anemia (RA). Methods: A total of 80 patients with CKD and RA who were admitted to Taihe People"s Hospital from March to September 2025 were selected for this study. Using a table of random numbers, they were divided into the control group (40 casestreated with recombinant human erythropoietin) and the observation group (40 casestreated with roxadustat in addition to the treatment of the control group). The anemia indicators, iron metabolism indicators, inflammation indicators, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups of patients. Results: After treatment, the observation group exhibited higher hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC),serum ferritin (SF), serum iron (SI)and transferrin (TRF) levels, and lower C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Roxadustat combined with human erythropoietin is markedly effective to treat patients with CKD and RA. The combined treatment can significantly improve anemia indicators, iron metabolism indicatorsand inflammation indicators, and is safe.