Objective: To explore the epidemiological characteristics and trends of digestive system malignant tumors in a certain region. Methods: Permanent residents in Anyang City from January 2014 to December 2023 were investigated. The incidence rates and death rates of digestive system malignant tumors were counted, and the association between Chinese standardized incidence rates of various types of digestive system malignant tumors and gender, age and region was analyzed. Results: Statistics showed that the incidence rates of gastric cancer and liver cancer were higher than those of colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gallbladder cancer and pancreatic cancer (P<0.05). The incidence rates of digestive system malignant tumors in male patients were significantly higher than those in female patients (P<0.05). From 2014 to 2023, there were no significant differences in the incidence rates of gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer and pancreatic cancer (P>0.05). From 2014 to 2023, the incidence rate of esophageal cancer in this region showed a downward trend (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer and pancreatic cancer in different regions (P>0.05). The mortality rate of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City was significantly higher than that in other regions (P<0.05). The mortality rates of gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, gallbladder cancer and pancreatic cancer were increased with age (P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence rate and death rate of esophageal cancer in Linzhou City are high, and the incidence rates of various types of digestive system malignant tumors are related to age.