Objective: To analyze the predictive value of electrocardiogram P-wave parameters on recurrence after ablation in patients with hypertension and atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: The data of 87 patients with hypertension and AF who received ablation for the first time in the hospital from January 2023 to October 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into recurrence group (21 cases) and non-recurrence group (66 cases) according to whether they recurred within 12 months after surgery. P-wave terminal force in lead V1 (PtfV1), P-wave dispersion (Pd), P-wave variation (Pv) and maximum P-wave duration (Pmax) were compared between the two groups. The relationship between the above indicators and postoperative recurrence and their predictive value were analyzed. Results: Compared with non-recurrence group, the Pd, Pv and Pmax in recurrence group were higher (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Pd, Pv and Pmax were significantly correlated with postoperative recurrence in patients with hypertension and AF (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of the combination of Pd, Pv and Pmax in predicting the recurrence was 0.840, which was higher than that of single prediction (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combination of Pd, Pv and Pmax has high predictive value on postoperative recurrence in patients with hypertension and AF.