Objective: To explore the application effect of simple ventilator in the transfer process of critically ill patients with cerebral hemorrhage or brain trauma.Methods: Sixty-four critically ill patients with cerebral hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury who were referred to our center from April 2023 to April 2025 were included in this prospective study. The patients were divided into respiratory unit group and respirator group by random number table method, 32 cases in each group. The ventilator group used a simple ventilator during the transfer process, and the respirator group used a traditional simple respirator during the transfer process. The vital signs, ventilation function and respiratory support related complications were compared between the two groups.Results: After transfer, the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and Glasgow coma score (GCS) of the patients in the respiratory unit were recorded.Compared with before transfer, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The heart rate and systolic blood pressure of patients in the respirator group were significantly higher than those before transfer, and the GCS score was lower than that before transfer(P>0.05). The heart rate and systolic blood pressure of patients in the respiratory unit were lower than those in the respirator group (P>0.05), and the GCS score was higher than that in the respirator group(P>0.05). Percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) and End Tidal Carbon Dioxide (ETCO2) in patients with respiratory unit were higher than those before transfer (P>0.05). It was lower than that before transfer(P>0.05). In the respirator group, SpO2 was lower and ETCO2 was higher than those before transfer(P>0.05). The SpO2 in the respiratory group was higher than that in the respirator group (P>0.05), and the ETCO2 was lower than that in the respirator group (P>0.05).Conclusions: Simple ventilator can maintain the stability of vital signs in the transfer of critically ill patients with cerebral hemorrhage or traumatic brain injury, improve the ventilation and oxygenation efficiency of patients, and reduce the risk of respiratory support-related complications.