Objective: To compare the efficacy of ambroxol combined with phentolamine, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) combined with phentolamine in the treatment of pediatric bronchitis, and analyze the influencing factors of the efficacy. Methods: 214 children with bronchopneumonia diagnosed were selected and randomly divided into the study group and the control group, with 107 cases in each group. The control group received NAC combined with phentolamine treatment, while the study group received ambroxol combined with phentolamine treatment. The clinical symptom disappearance time, immune function indicators, and clinical efficacy of the two groups were compared, according to the recovery, 124 cases were divided into the recovery group and 90 cases were divided into the non recovery group. Results: Compared with the control group, the disappearance time of dyspnea, fever, wet rales in the lungs, cough, and sputum in the study group was shorter (P<0.05). After treatment, the study group had higher levels of immunoglobulin A, G, and M (IgA, IgG, IgM) (P<0.05), the total effective rate of the study group was higher (P<0.05). By binary logistic regression analysis, age ≥ 3 months, breast feeding, the number of successful nebulization treatments ≥ 2 times, NAC combined with phentolamine were protective factors for the efficacy (P<0.05), and immune deficiency and congenital heart disease were risk factors (P<0.05). Conclusion: NAC combined with phentolamine has a significant therapeutic effect on pediatric bronchitis, and the efficacy is related to multiple factors.