Objective: To explore the application effect of dexmedetomidine before skin incision in patients undergoing laparoscopic hysteromyoma surgery.Methods: From January 2022 to January 2025, 92 patients with hysteromyoma in our hospital participated in the study, and were divided into two groups by lottery. The study group was given dexmedetomidine and the control group was given normal saline, with 46 cases in each group, and the clinical intervention effect was analyzed.Results: The pain level in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The level of neurotransmitter in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The negative emotion in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The sleep score of the study group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine can relieve patients" pain, improve the level of neurotransmitters, improve patients" emotional state after operation and improve patients" sleep quality in laparoscopic hysteromyoma surgery, which is worth popularizing.