Objective:To compare the efficacy of laparoscopic surgery and combined gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) in the treatment of endometriosis (EMS), and to explore the related factors influencing its recurrence.Methods:A total of 120 EMS patients treated in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2024 were selected as the research subjects. Using a random draw method, the patients were divided into the observation group (n=60, treated with laparoscopic surgery combined with GnRH-a) and the control group (n=60, treated with laparoscopic surgery only). A retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the levels of sex hormones and serum CA125, sInflammatory factors, ymptom relief, clinical efficacy, and recurrence rate between the two groups.Results:After treatment, the levels of FSH, LH, and CA125 in both groups decreased. The levels of FSH, LH, and CA125 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).After treatment, the levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in both groups decreased compared to those before treatment, and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).After treatment, the VAS scores of dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain in both groups decreased. The observation group had lower VAS scores than the control group (P<0.05).The recurrence rate in the observation group (5/60,8.33%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (13/60,21.67%) (P<0.05). Conclusion:The overall clinical efficacy of laparoscopic surgery combined with GnRH-a in the treatment of EMS is superior to that of laparoscopic surgery alone, as it can better alleviate patients' clinical symptoms, improve hormone levels, inhibit inflammatory reactions, and reduce the recurrence rate.