Objective: To observe the effect of multimodal analgesia combined with exercise therapy on persistent pain and rehabilitation process after traumatic fracture surgery. Methods: The research subjects were all 66 patients with traumatic fractures who visited the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Shangyou County People"s Hospital from February 2023 to February 2025, and divided into a control group and an observation group randomly, with 33 cases in each group. The control group received conventional postoperative pain management and exercise therapy, while the observation group received multimodal pain management combined with exercise therapy. The pain level, motor function recovery, rehabilitation status, and incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups of patients were observed and compared. Results: The VAS scores of both groups decreased after surgery, and the VAS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group at each time point (P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in MAS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, both groups showed a significant increase in MAS scores, with the observation group having a higher MAS score than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had a shorter time to get out of bed and hospitalization (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The use of multimodal analgesia combined with exercise therapy for patients with traumatic fractures can effectively alleviate persistent postoperative pain, accelerate the recovery process and motor function, and is relatively safe to apply. It is a recommended postoperative intervention nursing method.