Objective: To observe the influence of low-dose amisulpride and risperidone on interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and adverse reactions in females with schizophrenia (SCH). Methods: A total of 62 female patients with SCH in the hospital were selected from January 2022 to November 2024, and were divided into single group (31 cases, risperidone) and combined group (31 cases, low-dose amisulpride on the basis of single group) according to the random coin tossing method. Both groups were continuously treated for 1 month. The symptoms [Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)], memory and cognitive function [Chinese Wechsler Memory Scale-revised (WMS-RC), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)], electrocardiographic indicators, inflammatory factors and adverse reactions in the two groups of female SCH patients were compared and observed. Results: Compared with before treatment, the scores of dimensions of PANSS in the two groups of patients were lower after 1 month of treatment, and the scores in combined group were lower than those in single group (P<0.05). After 1 month of treatment, the WMS-RC score and MMSE score in both groups were higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), but there were no statistical differences in the above scores between combined group and single group (P>0.05). Compared with before treatment, the QTc interval in the two groups was prolonged after 1 month of treatment, but the QTc interval in combined group was shorter than that in single group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in the two groups after 1 month of treatment were lower than those before treatment, and the levels in combined group were lower than those in single group (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the total incidence rate of adverse reactions (insomnia, agitation, hypotension, increased body mass index, menstrual disorders) between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Low-dose amisulpride combined with risperidone can improve the symptoms of female patients with SCH, enhance the memory and cognitive function, relieve the inflammatory response, and improve the cardiac function, and has good safety.