Objective Exploring the Improving Effects of Hysteroscopic Surgery on Endometrial Receptivity in Patients with Endometrial Polyps (EPs). Methods 120 patients with EPs who were treated in our hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected as the study objects. Patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with traditional curettage. The observation group was treated with hysteroscopic surgery. Surgery-related indexes, endometrial receptivity [endometrial thickness, integrin β3, leukemia inhibitor expression levels] and complication rate of the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results The operation time, operation bleeding, postoperative vaginal bleeding time and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group (P<0.05). Three months after surgery, the endometrial thickness, integrin β3 and leukemia inhibitor levels in both groups were significantly higher than those before surgery, and the endometrial thickness, integrin β3 and leukemia inhibitor levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The complication rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with traditional curettage, hysteroscopic surgery for EPs can not only effectively shorten the operation time, reduce intraoperative bleeding and postoperative recovery time, but also significantly improve the endometrial tolerance of patients and reduce the incidence of complications.