Objective:To assess the safety and effectiveness of stellate ganglion block combined with general anesthesia in patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical lung cancer resection. Methods: Eighty - six patients who underwent thoracoscopic radical lung cancer resection between March 2022 and May 2024 were prospectively recruited. All patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (stellate ganglion block plus general anesthesia group, n = 43) and the control group (general anesthesia - only group, n = 43). The postoperative pain level, the level of cognitive function, and the occurrence of postoperative adverse effects were evaluated in both groups. Results: Prior to surgery, there was no notable difference in the cognitive function levels between the observation group and the control group of patients undergoing thoracoscopic radical lung cancer resection (P > 0.05). At T1, T2, and T3, the VAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The amount of sufentanil used and the frequency of analgesic pump presses in the observation group were less than those in the control group (P < 0.05). At T2 and T3, the Mini mental status examination score of the observation group was higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The utilization of stellate ganglion block combined with general anesthesia in thoracoscopic radical lung cancer resection can not only cut down on the dosage of anesthetic medications but also efficiently manage postoperative pain and enhance the recovery rate of postoperative cognitive function in patients, demonstrating good safety and efficacy.