Objective: To explore the effects of tracheotomy timing on blood gas analysis indexes, respiratory function and lung infection risk in bedridden patients after craniocerebral injury surgery. Methods: Eighty patients in our department who were bedridden after craniocerebral injury from July 2021 to July 2023 were selected as the study objects. 40 patients in the control group received tracheotomy 24 h after admission, and 40 patients in the observation group received tracheotomy within 24 h after admission. Infection control time, blood gas analysis indexes, respiratory function, lung infection risk and mortality were compared between the two groups. Results: After operation, the infection control time of observation group was lower than that of control group (P<0.05), the lung infection control rate of observation group was higher than that of control group (P<0.05), and there was no statistical difference in mortality between the two groups (P>0.05). After operation, pH, oxygen saturation and partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen were increased in both groups (P<0.05), and higher in the observation group (P<0.05), and partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide was decreased in both groups (P<0.05), and lower in the observation group (P<0.05). After operation, the percentage of 1s forced breathing volume to the predicted value (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the ratio of the two groups (FEV1/FVC) were increased in both groups (P<0.05), and the observation group was higher (P<0.05). Conclusion: Early tracheotomy can improve the blood gas analysis index and respiratory function of bedridden patients after craniocerebral injury, and reduce the risk of pulmonary infection.