Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of bronchial artery chemoembolization (BACE) and intravenous chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with middle and advanced lung cancer. Methods: Eighty elderly patients with middle and advanced lung cancer were included and grouped by randomization method. 40 patients in the treatment group were treated with BACE, and 40 patients in the control group were given systemic intravenous chemotherapy. The clinical efficacy, tumor markers, quality of life and occurrence of adverse events were compared between the two groups. Results: After the end of 4 treatment cycles, the objective response rate and disease control rate in treatment group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). At 3 months after the end of treatment, the levels of tumor markers in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group, and the improvement rate of quality of life was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the severity of adverse events between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: BACE for middle and advanced lung cancer can significantly enhance the therapeutic effect, effectively inhibit the biological behaviors of tumors, and improve the quality of life of patients, without significantly increasing the severity of adverse events.